#CGI2013: Brokering for Good

Once again this year, Bill Clinton is hosting his annual power-philanthropy conference in New York. His annual Clinton Global Initiative this week marks its ninth year of channeling mega-wealth to social innovation projects around the world. Cool, exclusive, wonky and celebrity-studded, this year's gathering, like others, is also ferreting out new strains of global injustice and dousing them with nonpartisan outpourings of media, money, PowerPoints, and hard work from truly committed people on the ground.

But it is Bill Clinton’s social capital – his remarkable, ongoing ability to forge unlikely alliances among corporate executives, NGO leaders, celebrities, and government officials -- that distinguishes CGI as a game-changer in its own right. "The world's problems are so big, philanthropy cannot do it alone," Clinton said again this year in opening remarks. "We need everyone at the table." Indeed, CGI has done much over the past decade to help erode some of the traditional cultural barriers to business collaboration within the American philanthropy establishment, and has helped to focus it more acutely on social impact. Before CGI, there were no other high-profile, independent forums devoted to channeling philanthropic resources into specific, cross-sector giving projects tied to measurable results. Today? According to the Clinton Foundation's website, CGI members have so far made more than 2,300 philanthropic commitments which have improved the lives of over 400 million people in more than 180 countries. When fully funded and implemented, Clinton says, these commitments will be valued at more than $73.1 billion. 

To be sure, not all of the projects spawned at CGI have succeeded; not everyone gets invited back. [CGI rules require philanthropic commitments that can prove impact from one year to the next.] "Solutions are only effective if they are implemented," Clinton told Time this week. And not everyone thinks CGI is inclusive enough, saying it's still mostly centered around the 1% and not the 99% who are innovating the Internet and digital social networks to create mass philanthropy models capable of channeling more funds directly (and more quickly) to those in need.

Still, more than 1,000 large companies, celebrities, governments and big NGOs are represented here, roaming the halls and small ballrooms of the Midtown Sheraton with an enthusiasm for proving the nonprofit/for-profit collaboration model can work to more efficiently and quickly get money to those in need. During opening day talks, Bono talked about how, when he took his fight against AIDS in Africa to American and European consumers with his One (RED) campaign, he was able to raise $200 million for the cause, while Sheryl Sandberg of Facebook touted the recent launch of Internet.org, a Facebook-led initiative to bring connectivity to billions of women in poverty living without it.

["U.S. lawmakers would tell us we're not feeling the (AIDs) issue at home," Bono told CGI attendees, sharing that his Global Fund to fight AIDS was flagging until he harnessed it to consumer market forces. "So we went straight to the people, to the shopping malls and Gap stores, and through the marketplace, RED started to turn up the heat on the issue. The marketplace is where the real money lies. Do you want a blue iPod or a red one? Kids started choosing red because they knew that purchase would count."]

Philanthropist Bill Gates, meanwhile, named again by Forbes last week as the wealthiest man in America, urged the nonprofit community to work even harder at nonprofit/for-profit collaboration. "It's interesting that nonprofits think the for-profit guys are evil," Gates told attendees. "That attitude has blocked cooperation in the global food and drug-health sectors" and it's slowing aid to the world's hungry and dying. On the other hand, Gates said, philanthropy has a unique role in the social good sector because it is more easily able to fund the smaller, risker projects, the kind "nobody else wants to touch," Gates said.  "You don't want (as a philanthropist) to go into an area that is already well-covered." 

Cause Global has attended seven out of the nine CGI meetings in New York. This year, attendees have started to refer to themselves as being in "the social commons." As the designer, Eileen Fisher, told Cause Global today: "These are exciting times for philanthropy because the tent is expanding, big-time, and now, it seems, everyone can play." 

Among other first-day highlights:

     *Bono did a good impression of Bill Clinton, to help fill time for the former President when he ducked back stage to get his glasses prior to starting a morning panel. The video of Bono’s impression got more than 6,000 hits by day's end.  Clinton, returning to the stage with his notes, quipped that “it must be real easy to make fun of me; anybody can make fun of me.”

*    Sheryl Sandberg joined the International Monetary Fund’s Christine Lagarde and 24-year-old Khalida Brohi, founder of Sughar Women Program in Pakistan, to talk about the need to do more to empower the world’s women in poverty. “We’re going to invest in women and recognize that women need to lead,” Sandberg said of Facebook, her employer. Brohi, whose organization aims to mobilize a million women in the next 10 years, shared a phrase her father would tell her to encourage her to translate her tears into action. “Don’t cry, strategize,” Brohi said. Sandberg, meanwhile, gave a nod to Hillary Clinton, saying few have done as much for women’s empowerment as she has, stressing the double standard women face around the world with a quick poll of how many female leaders in the audience have been called “bossy.” “We teach ourselves from very young age that men should lead and women shouldn’t,” Sandberg said. “When this changes, we will have a society more productive, more peaceful and families will be happier.” Lagarde encouraged women to get into politics, citing countries like Rwanda, with a Parliament composed of two-thirds women. “In every crisis you see women rising,” Lagarde said. “When it’s messy you get the women in but when the mess is sorted, you need to keep the women in.”

*    Mo Ibrahim, the Sudanese-British mobile communications billionaire and founder of the Mo Ibrahim Foundation, blasted the West for neglecting investment in Africa, chiding Google for investing only relatively small sums and criticizing U.S.-based Internet giants for being “totally absent” from the push to provide broadband data access to some 3 billion in Africa who still don’t have it. He also rebuked stereotypes about Africa on corruption, saying that “for every corrupt leader, there are 50 corrupt business people, half of them sitting here.”  

*    Barack Obama joined Bill Clinton on stage to promote Obamacare as part of the Administration's two-week blitz to build public support for the new health insurance law. The GOP Congress is waging an effort to defund the law ahead of October 1, when new health-care exchanges will begin to enroll people for health insurance coverage that will take effect in January. “Let's face it," Obama quipped, "It's been a little political, this Obama-care thing." But Clinton was far more pointed. “What you’ve had is an unprecedented effort that you’ve seen ramp up over the last month or so in which those who have opposed the idea of universal health care in the first place have fought this thing tooth and nail through Congress and through the courts and so forth," he said. "They’re trying to scare and discourage people from getting a good deal.” Obama said those who need health insurance should tune out the naysayers. “Make your own decision about whether it’s good for you,” Obama said. “What we are confident about is that when people look and see they can get high quality, affordable health care for less than their cell phone bill, they’re going to sign up.”

*    Cherie Blair, the wife of former British Prime Minister Tony Blair and founder of the Cherie Blair Foundation of Women, conferees worked on ways to get more smartphones into people’s hands to create new opportunities for women. “Without access to mobile, so many poor have been cut out of the global economy,” Blair said. According to statistics, she said, countries that boost mobile phone access by 10 percent experience a 1.2 percent economic bump. But even the $20 needed to buy a phone is too much for the billions earning less than $2 a day, Blair said, and for women living in extreme poverty, there are often cultural barriers, too. Women in Africa and the Middle East are 23 percent less likely than men to have mobile access, she said. All told, Blair said, some 300 million women across the world could have access to mobile phones but don’t, due to cost, cultural attitudes that give men first preferences, fear of technology and environmental limitations such as a lack of electricity. Literacy creates another barrier, Blair said. 

CGI runs through Thursday. Watch this space for further highlights.

-- Marcia Stepanek

[Photography: courtesy CGI; Bill Gates and Bill Clinton, top; Bill Clinton on the CGI stage with Barack Obama, middle, and Sheryl Sandberg of Facebook, bottom]

Heat2

Early last year, philanthropist/film producer Abigail Disney told me—for a special issue I was preparing at Contribute Magazine on new trends in women's philanthropy—that there is a new kind of women's movement under way, one that combines philanthropy and global issues-activism to make change in the world. Unlike the women's movement of the 1960s and '70s, Disney insisted, this one is a "quieter revolution." It is not, she said, "about waving signs around demanding personal rights so much as it is now about funding social change for women on issues of global significance."

What a difference a year makes. Despite the global economic slowdown—and perhaps partly because of it—this new "women's movement" appears to be packing some serious heat at this week's Clinton Global Initiative: there are seven agenda sessions focusing on the plight of disadvantaged women, including one on human trafficking. In the CGI spirit of cross-sector partnerships, Bill Clinton has assembled celebrities, CEOs, and new-wave "philanthrocapitalists" to talk about the "girl effect" and to call on each other to invest in women's empowerment, on stage and off. [According to CGI, each year that a girl attends school, her future income will increase by 10 to 20 percent; women invest 90 percent of their income in their households, versus men's 30 to 40 percent. Further, says the UN Foundation, women who control their income have fewer children, so pump more money into local economies.]

Today's opening plenary, on the topic of "investing in women and girls," zeroed in on some of the challenges still facing the movement. Lloyd Blankfein, chairman and CEO of Goldman Sachs—whose 10,000 Women project is working to give that many women in developing countries business degrees so they can join the world of commerce—agreed that much more needs to be done; Robert Zoellick, president of the World Bank, defended the push for more progress. "I don't think people should see this as giving a special advantage to girls and women," Zoellick said. "It's frankly just trying to help them catch up." But when pressed by moderator Diane Sawyer to discuss which efforts to empower women need the most work, Zainab Salbi, the chief executive of Women for Women International, said cultural barriers have been among the toughest to break. To be sure, she said, it has been hard to convince fathers in Africa and other parts of the world to abandon the tradition of dowries and planned marriages; Edna Adan, founder of a hospital in her native Somalia that bears her name, said the practice of genital cutting persists in many areas of her country. But the two said it is also time for corporate cultures—business and political cultures and traditions in the United States and throughout the developed world—to become more empowering for women.

And that's when the discussion got really interesting. Sawyer asked Salbi—whose organization works closely with survivors of rape, civil war, and economic devastation—how CGI attendees might best help women "who are afraid to stand up for themselves." Salbi said most women whose lives have been upset by war and famine are already standing up for themselves; more important, she said, is getting others in the world to stand up for them, too. CGI attendees doing work in Africa and elsewhere, she said, need to start including local women in their decision-making. Salbi shared the story of a woman from the Congo, who had been raped and lost a leg to rebels, but who, with the help of Salbi's organization, now runs a business that is making a profit. "I find it amazing that the only group of people who are not fighting and are not burning and not raping, and the only group of people who are actually keeping life going in the midst of wars, are not being heard and not being included at the decision-making table," Salbi said.

She then challenged CGI attendees and fellow panelist Rex Tillerson, chairman and CEO of ExxonMobil, to help increase resources for women and girls. Tillerson responded by insisting that "funding is not the issue"—but Salbi disagreed, saying money is still critical for thousands of women's organizations such as hers who are struggling just to help women rebuild their lives from war and survive childbirth. Tillerson then sought to clarify his remarks, saying that big businesses will give more dollars when they can be more confident they will have a measurable impact and actually find their way to those most in need. Salbi persisted, responding that until local women are part of the process that decides how those dollars are spent and distributed, many aid programs won't be as successful as they could be. "Are women part of your decision-making?" she challenged Tillerson. "Are we accountable as women for measuring the impact of these programs? Has business been making us so? We have been giving good speeches here [about the need to empower women] but are you actually doing this when it comes to investing in these programs?"

The question led Goldman's Blankfein to reframe the question, asking, "Are we making all the investments that we can make in women in girls? Are we at capacity?"

The panel succeeded as a reminder of the perception gap that remains between women's advocacy organizations and corporate philanthropy arms over the issue of gender development. Melanne Verveer, who runs the new Office for Global Women's Issues in Hillary Clinton's State Department, gave business at least some points for trying. "What has really changed in the last, recent years, is the way that the business community has come and joined this fight," she told the panel. "It's not in the greatest numbers yet but I think that is changing because the business community realizes it's in their interest...No country [or company] can prosper if it leaves half of its people behind."

To see a video of the panel, Investing in Girls and Women, click here. To hear more from Salbi, see this video interview by The Economist:




CGI continues through Friday. Watch this space for updates.

—By Marcia Stepanek

(Photo: Woman and Child by Lucien PocoBW for istock.com)